Bow for piano-violins.



. J E & G. NNIG.

0R PIAN INS.

' A mu FILED JULY 3.1914.

L. BAJDE & G. K. HENNlG.

BOW FOR PIANO VIOLINS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3.1914.

Patented June 5', 1917;

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APPLICATION FILED-JULY 3; 19:4.

Patented J une 5, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- L. BAJDE &G. K. HENNlG. BOW FOR PIANO VIOLINS. APPLICATION FILED JULY 3. 1914.

- 1,228,737." PatentedJune 5,1917.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

LUDWIG BAJ' DE, OF LEIPZIG-GOHLIS, AND GUSTAV KARL I-IENNIG, OF BCl-HLITZ-EI-IREN- BERG, NEAR LEIPZIG, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO THE FIRM 0F LUDWIG I-IUPFELD AKTIENGESELLSCI-IAFT, BbHLITZ-EHRENBERG, NEAR LEIPZIG, GERMANY.

BOW FOR PIANO-VIOLINS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 191 *7 Improvements in and Relating to Bows for Piano-Violins; and We do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention.

This invention. relates to the endless bowing bands of mechanically bowed musical instruments, such bands being formed of hanks of horse hair or similar material. The invention also relates to the guiding of said bowing bands.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a perspective view illustrating a method of uniting the ends of horse hairs into an endless bowing band according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional side view,

Fig. 3 a part transverse section, and

Fig. 4 a lan illustrating a constructional example of the improved bowing apparatus associated with a stringed instrument.

Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 3, and

Fig. 6 a part Side elevation illustrating a constructional example of an arrangement for pressing the bowing band down toward the strings of the instrument to be bowed.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate two other constructions of the improved bowing band.

Fig. 8 is a section on lines 88 of Figs. 7 and 8.

Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the crossing of two adjacent hairs.

Fig. 10 shows the two ends of the hairs knotted and secured to a tab.

Fig. 11 shows an additional tab to effect the crossing of the hairs between their ends. Fig. 12 is an elevation, and

Fig. 13 is a plan view of another device used in constructing the endless hair bow.

To produce an endless horse hair bowing band a, Fig. 2 four hanks or sets of horse hair 1, 2, and 8, at arranged for example as shown in Fig. 1 around eight pins 0 placed one at each corner of two rectangles crossing each other in the form of a cross. The pins c are fixed vertically in a base plate I) or the like, and the hanks of hair are so connected to each other in pairs by tabs d of soft leather or the like, that each pair forms the sldes of a rectangle. The connecting tabs d are arranged on the sides ofthe rectangles located beyond the inner rectangle formed by the crossing of the two rectangles, and the hairs of each hank preferably alternate with and cross those of the other hank separately. After removal of the hanks so connected to each other from the pins, the hairs of each hank appear connected with those of a second hank and are so crossed in and out with those of the two other hanks that the connecting tabs d are everywhere situated on the outside.

The drawing of each separate hair into the tabs (Z may be effected with advantage by means of a sewing needle after which each separate hair is interlaced into the tab so as to produce a secure connection.

The endless bowing band a produced in this way is passed wit-h the smooth inner side over two rollers f and g mounted in a frame 6, so that the connecting tabs (Z are located on the outside and do not come into direct contact either with the rollers or with the stringed instrument h arranged between them.

The arms 0 of the frame, in which one of the rollers 7 is mounted, are connected to each other by means of a yoke c which embraces the corresponding end of the base member 6 of the frame and can be moved longitudinally being guided by screws k working in slots j of the yoke i and fixed in the frame plate, so that the tension of the endless bowing band can be regulated according to requirements by means of the adjusting screws m.

The arms 6 of the frame, in which the roller 9 is mounted, are carried on centers n fixed in the side members of a vertical frame 0. The base 6 rests by means of a spring 2 located below the arms 0 upon a fixed part Q of the instrument frame or the like and is connected by means of a link '2" or the like to depressible key 8 constructed in the form of a one-armed lever and by means of which the bow carrying frame together with the roller 7 and the bowing band a can be rocked downward against the pressure of the spring 39 for the purpose of pressing the bowing hand against the strings t Figs. 2 and 4 of the instrument.

This depression of the bowing band at the point where it bows the strings may however be effected by means of each key a of a keyboard operating the instrument, see Figs. 5 and 6. In such a construction each key is provided with a downwardly extending pusher a which, as shown in Fig. 5, presses down a frame y which draws down the frame 6 together with the roller f and the bowing band a.

The depression of the bowing band may in some cases be effected pneumatically in which case a valve w is opened each time by the depressed frame y, see Fig. 6.

The rollers f and 9 may be driven continuously by means of an electromotor, by foot or hand operated mechanism, the raising of a weight, clockwork, etc., or the rollers may be moved to and fro by means of two pneumatic devices.

The frame 0 is carried on vertically mounted centers it, see Fig. 3, about which it can be rocked together with the frame a by means of a pedal 2, see Fig. 4, to the right and left, in order to move the bowing band out of its normal position shown in full lines into a position nearer the bridge b of the instrument which position is indicated by dotted lines. This operation can be effected while the instrument is being played. Instead of the-pedal e the shifting of the point at which the bowing band is brought into contact with the strings of the instrument may be effected by other suitable arrangement, for example pneumatically by means of a bellows.

Instead of being in the form shown in Fig. 1 the bowing band may be so constructed that in addition to the tabs (Z at the points where the hanks are connected, a. tab of soft leather or the like is inserted between each two points where the hanks cross as shown in Figs. 7 and S. This construction of the bowing band enables the number of points of connection to be reduced to a minimum and fc vors the obtaining of a uniform tension of the bowing band.

In the construction shown in Fig. 7 two hanks of horse hair 1 and 2 are crossed with each other as indicated at the points marked 10. In each hank the ends of the hairs are connected by means of a tab (Z of soft leather or the like. Since however the two hanks cross each other at four points 10 there are opposite the connecting tabs (Z other tabs d and (Z respectively of soft leather or the like, which, like the tabs (1, prevent the hairs of both hanks from passing through each other and becoming parallel, whereby they afford the necessary support to the whole of the hairs of the bow when taut.

The bowing band shown in Fig. 8 consists of a single hank of hair, the ends of which are connected to each other by means of a connecting tab Z, whereby a uniform tension of the hairs of the bow is secured over the whole length thereof. The entire hank is formed into two circular loops, the parts of which cross each other several times, and between every two crossing points 10 where the hanks cross each other is arranged a tab (Z (Z (i respectively by means whereof the crossing hanks of hair are held apart.

To affix the tabs (Z (Z etc., a bowing band of the kind described is stretched over the face of a disk 5, Fig. 12, which is provided at the necessary points with corresponding re cesses 6 which are bridged over by the hairs. At these points the hairs are held separated as shown by the pins 0 and the tabs are pushed through between the hairs being drawn through alternately upward and downward. The arrangement shown in Fig. 1 may however also be used for the production of a bowing band of the kind de scribed, the tabs d (2 etc., not however being used for connecting the ends of the hair.

7 We claim:

1. An endless bow for piano-violins having sets of hairs crossing one another and means inserted between said sets intermediate the crossing points of the hairs to maintain them crossed.

2. An endless bow for piano-violins, comprising hanks of hair, the connecting points of said hanks being outside the effective surface, a tab of soft material forming a connecting member for the ends of the hairs and to which said ends are secured.

3. An endless bow for piano-violins, comprising two sets of crossed hairs, the hairs of one set alternating with those of the other set, pieces of soft flexible material to which the ends of the hairs of a set are secured, and additional pieces of soft material interposed between the sets of hairs at intervals between the ends of said hairs and maintaining said sets in crossed relation.

4;. In an endless bow for piano-violins, crossed sets of hairs, flexible tabs to which the opposite'ends of the hairs of each set are respectively connected and similar tabs interposed between the sets between the crossing points of the two sets.

5. In an endless bow for piano-violins, sets of crossed hairs forming an endless band, and tabs of flexible material inserted between the sets and to which one port-ion of a set on the side of the bowing surface is secured at points between the crowing points of the sets, thereby holding the sets in tween the crossing points of the hairs of the proper relation and providing a continuous turns and to which the hairs outside the ef- 10 bowing surface of hair. feotive surface of the how are connected.

6. An endless bow for piano violins formed In testimony whereof We have signed our of hairs arranged in loops or turns, the hairs names to this specification. of one loop or turn alternating With and crossing those of the other loop or turn, and LUDWIG BAJ DE. a tab of soft flexible material arranged be- GUSTAV KARL HENNIG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

